The Role of Communication free essay sample

The role of communication and interpersonal interaction in health and social-care Introduction This assignment is centred on effective interpersonal interaction and good communication in health and social care which is achieved through the use of multiple communication methods and techniques and the analysis of how certain types of people think and communicate. P1 Explain the role of effective communication and interpersonal interaction in health and social care Key Terms Formal- The use of professional conversational language Informal- The use of more casual language Communication- The exchange of information between people Context- The circumstances in which an event occurs in a setting Interaction- When someone or something has an effect on something else in a setting People communicate in a variety of different ways people sometimes use Non Verbal Communication- is communication without speaking to someone and verbalising the communication between the two non verbal communications is things like gestures, body language, posture, facial expression and eye contact or lack of it Written communication- is communication through writing things down and expressing yourself to others in that way some people may find this method more effective and it may allow them to communicate more effectively with those around them because by writing down clearly exactly what you mean it is a lot simpler and unlike verbally there is virtually no room for misreading’s or miscommunications. We will write a custom essay sample on The Role of Communication or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Oral communication/ Verbal communication- is communication expressed through words spoken from your mouth this is probably the most commonly used form of communication and while it is the quickest and probably the easiest to use it leaves a lot of room for misunderstanding or misinterpretation sometimes people say things but you tell by the tone of their voice the way in which they said it or under the circumstances they have said it that this is no genuinely what they mean and this is not what they really want to say. Effective communication is of upmost importance in health and social care it is the centre stone of understanding between the client and the health care worker they worker needs to make sure that communication on both sides is effective and clear and everything is understood, they would also be expected to assess when a situation occurs that the communication Is not being understood identify the barriers in this scenario and then work through them and make sure that this client receives the message and that any issues they have are resolved. M1 Assess the roles of effective communication and interpersonal interactions in health and social care with reference to theories of communication In a society it is essential to have effective communication skills, without those things can be very difficult. When you say communication people tend to generally just think about verbal communication and while speaking and listening is a large portion of what communication is it is a lot deeper than that and some people believe some of the other aspects like body language and facial expressions to be even more important in the maintaining of effective communication skills than forms of verbal communications. This is because generally you can tell a lot about what people mean judging by their body language some are more obvious than others but generally if someone is saying one things and clearly means another most of us would be able to spot it, for example if a person was clearly upset and distressed and then you asked them what was wrong with them and they told you they were fine, it is obvious to you that this person is not fine even though they are telling you that they are. People when communicating take some time to adjust to each other; this can be seen by Tuckman’s theory of group’s formation (1965). He said that there are four stages when socialising in a group. 1. Forming- where everyone focuses on the leaders for guidance and direction to show them the way 2. Storming-group members vie for positions in the group and attempt to establish themselves in their group 3. Norming- is when agreement and consensus is formed amongst the groups, roles and responsibilities are established and the team may engage in fun and social activities together 4. Performing- the team is more strategically aware, and knows clearly what it is doing there is no leaders disagreement still ppear but are dealt with positively within the group Tuckman’s theory of group’s formation show us that effective communication and good interpersonal skills by group members working together in a health and social care environment or any group need good interpersonal skills and effective communication to be able to effectively work together and form as a team, Tuckman’s theory suggests that when groups are formed the dominant group members fight for position to be viewed as group leader and once everyone’s roles are established the team becomes aware of each other and start to notice patterns of what does and doesn’t work for their team and start to alter this in order to achieve optimum results. This is done through communication and acknowledgement that their communication techniques may need to be altered in order for the team to work together effectively and achieve whatever their collective goal may be. Argyles theory of the development of communication cycle centres on six core concepts, or, a cycle. The cycle is as follows. 1. An idea occurs. For example, let us say that our idea is someone wants to buy a car. 2. Message coded. This would be us putting our desire of a car into whatever medium we wish to communicate with. This may be a language, pictures, writing, or any other medium you can think of. 3. Message sent. Here we have communicated our desire for wanting a car. 4. Message received. The person or perhaps target audience we wish to notify of our desire to have a car [perhaps a parental figure] has received our message. 5. Message decoded. They now must take what we have said and attempt to decode it. Now, I want a car is pretty straightforward, but remember, not everyone is as transparent as this, and this is the step where communication breakdown may occur as they may decode our message incorrectly. 6. Message understood. Hopefully the last step was effective and they understand what you were trying to communicate. Now the cycle can begin anew. Argyles theory would be relevant in relation to our scenario because before people are trying to start the forming and bonding with each other but then the language is restricting them from communicating effectively the language barrier is preventing the development of communication and interpersonal relationships. These barriers cause communication amongst people to break down and prevent any effective communications between these people near impossible or at best extremely difficult. Conclusion I conclude that effective communication is required throughout all of health and social care in order to maximise success and client health, safety, security and happiness effective communication leads to understand clients and workers creating a personal bond and making sure you are doing everything possible to assist the clients in a health care environment

Elizabeth the Great essays

Elizabeth the Great essays The novel, The Color Purple, was written by Alice Walker in 1982. The Color Purple unleashed a storm of controversy upon its publication. Many critics said that Alice Walker focused on the sexual oppression of black women at the expense of dealing with the overall oppression of blacks. However, Walkers novel is a complex analysis of race relations and racial identity. The novel is about Celie, a young African American woman who sees herself as nothing, only property. Whatever anyone tells her to do, she does it, she doesnt think anyone wants her opinion. That is, until she meets Shug Avery, an African American singer/celebrity. Shug helps Celie see herself as a woman, an important woman who has her own voice. Celies letters to God are the sole narrative for the first half of the novel. Celie is a poor uneducated, Southern black woman. Her experiences are limited to a small geographic area. However, when she comes upon her sister Netties letters after many years of separation, Walker situates Celies narrative at the crossroads of a long road to finding her racial identity. Celie's narrative provides a compelling contrast to the situation of African women. She suffers rape at the hands of her stepfather and physical abuse at the hands of her husband. She is a Christian woman, but Christianity does not alleviate her problems. Moreover, the church she attends subscribes to restrictive notions of femininity. The women at her church stared judgmentally at her when she was pregnant with her two children. They condemn Shug Avery for having a sexually active lifestyle. They disapprove of her singing, her risqu clothing, and her smoking. Celie does not even know about the existence of her clitoris until Shug tells her about it. When she and Shug become lovers, Celie experiences the pleasures of sex for the first time in her life. She celebrates the discovery of her sexuality. The...

Report about Portugal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Report about Portugal - Essay Example By 868, the First County of Portugal with the Kingdom of Leon had been established. Re-conquest of the Christian kingdoms began by the 11th Century, and in the process ‘Portucale’ was declared an independent kingdom by its ruler Afonso Henriques in 1139, and by 1147, Afonso took control of Lisbon. By the 1400’s Portugal had built up a large empire with colonies across the world including Mozambique and Goa (Rough Guides, 2008), and Portugal’s Golden Age reached a peak with the discovery of Brazil in 1500, in which vast amounts of wealth and trade were established in its new colonies. However, by 1580, Spain had invaded Portugal during a succession crisis, and ruled Portugal for the next 60 years. Portugal started to regain independence in 1640, and by 1668 the Spanish vacated the country. Portugal re-established trading routes with Brazil, and its fortunes were restored by the trading in gold from Brazil until 1822, when Brazil declares independence from Po rtugal. Napoleon’s invasion in 1807, combined with the loss of Brazil left Portugal impoverished and divided, until 1910 when a republican revolution overthrew the monarchy. However, the weakness of the economy led to another military coup in 1926 and a long period of dictatorship by Salazar commenced until 1968, in which poverty became widespread and all political opposition was banned. The country became a virtual recluse in the world community until 1974, when the Carnation Revolution ended the dictatorship and restored democracy by 1976. Portugal joined the European Community in 1986 (now known as the European Union (EU)), and enjoyed rapid economic growth and became a key member state in modern Western Europe. In 1999 it was one of the founding countries to adopt the Euro currency. However, the 2008 financial crises resulted in a gross budget deficit in Portugal, and in 2011 it became the third EU country to ask

Wildlife Diseases Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Wildlife Diseases - Essay Example Research has shown that the fungus Pseudogymnoascus destructans is the primary cause of the disease. A 2011 study reveals that 100% of healthy bats infected with this fungus cultured from diseased bats exhibited lesions and symptoms characteristic of the condition (in adherence to Koch’s postulate). The fungus thrives in low temperatures especially those between 4-15̊C (39-59̊F) and cannot withstand temperatures above 20̊C (68̊F). Consequently, it appears to favor infecting hibernating birds (Griggs, Keel, Castle & Wong, 2012). Some of the symptoms commonly associated with WNS are loss of body fats, unusual winter behavior such as flying, damaging and scaring of wing membranes and eventually death. The disease causes bats to rouse too frequently from torpor/ temporary hibernation and starve to death as a result of excessive activity. Most scientists and researchers, after extensive laboratory tests, believe that the condition is spread primarily through bat-to-bat transmission. Similar studies indicate that healthy birds in cages adjacent to those of infected bats do not catch the disease or develop symptoms. This means the fungus/ causal agent is not airborne and enhances the theory of contact transmission (Griggs, Keel, Castle & Wong, 2012). The fungus is thought to have originated from Europe because of the resistance exhibited by bats from such areas to the pathogen. They seem to have developed immunity over time and acted as vectors spreading the pathogen to the susceptible bats of the rest of the world (particularly those of North America).

Human issues in society Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Human issues in society - Essay Example Hannah Arendt’s article on the new guarantee was triggered by the resultant repercussion of the Second World War and the holocaust. Many people were left without a state identity and left as destitute refugees both in their original native countries and in foreign countries. Arendt believed strongly threat today’s political regimes are consequences of the political philosophies of the western traditions. She saw refugees as the bad fruits of the current political ideologies and hence she challenges the purpose and effectiveness of the current political practices and thoughts. By her moving away from the concept of inalienable or natural rights and focusing on the right of individual membership within a community for the purpose if human dignity, she instigates a favorable foundation for human rights. Why does human dignity needs a new political guarantee as proposed by Hannah Arendt and what necessitates the need? This essay therefore intends to investigate whether in t he light of totalitarianism human rights and dignity suffer compromise and hence project the reasons why human dignity needs a new guarantee Discussion In the article ‘Origin of totalitarianism’, Arendt reasons that the human dignity requires some guarantee and this is possible through new political principle. This is after the nineteenth century idea of peaceful cosmopolitan in the respect of human rights was destroyed. Arendt says that the state of being a refugee is best understood from different perspectives; physical, social and political displacement of an individual. The lack of a physical place to live in and settle defines displacement, asylum seeker and the refugee state of human beings. However, other aspects also come in handy such as the deprivation of an individual right to action and to freedom of opinion. The collective sum of the modern displacement and the degradation are what Arendt terms as ‘wordlessness’. She sighted the remedy to the s tate of wordlessness as being embedded on the need to revisit the foundations of ethics of human rights. This is because largely, liberal pieties on natural rights have lost credibility; understanding the incompatibility of national sovereignty with civic responsibility and human dignity have been hindered; as well as the importance of the citizens to understand their right in affording political empowerment being compromised. Arendt was triggered to study the issue due to an increase in refugees within Europe. The sovereign authority in the state embraced universal individual rights and national sovereignty. However, the sovereign states restricted people from acquiring citizenship or the right to entry into their territories. This is a contradiction of the liberal state’s sovereignty and universalism and thus denying citizenship to person or group of people or turning away refugees of other states is a wrong principle. She argues that such rights cannot be realized without the state acknowledgement to sovereign power and that a relationship abides between the state rights and individual rights. Refugees are thus the resultant product when the state rights and individual rights conflict (Cotter, para 5-6). The only way to understand the contradictions and failures of the current political thought and practice is by evaluating the experiences of the victims or

Criminal Theory Case Study: Whitey Bulger

Criminal Theory Case Study: Whitey Bulger Criminal Behavior James Joseph Bulger III (better known as) Whitey Bulgers criminal behavior started early on in life. Whitey ran away to join the circus at ten years old. According to Biography.com, Whitey Bulger was first arrested when he was 14 years old, for stealing, and his criminal record continued to escalate from there. As a youth, he was arrested for larceny, forgery, assault and battery, and armed robbery and served five years in a juvenile reformatory. Upon his release, he joined the Air Force where he served time in military jail for assault before being arrested for going AWOL. Nonetheless, he received an honorable discharge in 1952. (Biography.com) After the military, Bulger returned to Boston and committed multiple bank robberies in multiple states. In 1956 he was sentenced to 25 years in Federal prison for those bank robberies. After his release from prison Bulger immersed himself into Bostons organized crime, and by 1979 he was one of the top figures in Bostons underworld. After work ing with the FBI, he led the FBI on a 16-year manhunt. Whitey Bulger was finally caught by the FBI in 2011. In 2013, Bulger faced a 33-count indictment, including money laundering, extortion, drug dealing, corrupting FBI and other law-enforcement officials and participating in 19 murders. He was also charged with federal racketeering for allegedly running a criminal enterprise from 1972 to 2000. (Biography.com) Bulger was not convicted of everything, after a two-month trial, a jury of eight men and four women deliberated for five days and found Bulger guilty on 31 counts, including federal racketeering, extortion, conspiracy and 11 of the 19 murders. They found he was not guilty of 7 murders and could not reach a verdict on one murder. (Biography.com) Whitey Bulgers Life Whitey Bulgers childhood was rough. James Joseph Bulger Jr. was born on September 3, 1929, in Dorchester, Massachusetts, (Where I was born) as second of the six children, to Roman Catholic Irish parents who immigrated to America. (www.thefamouspeople.com) Whiteys father was a longshoreman that lost his arm in an industrial accident forcing him and his family to move to government housing in South Boston (Where I attended elementary school). When Bulger was ten years old, he attempted to run away and join the circus. When Whitey was 14, he was charged with stealing and forgery and other crimes resulting in being held in a juvenile reformatory for five years. Bulger joined the Air Force and was charged with AWOL ultimately being honorably discharged. Once Bulger returned to Boston, he returned to a life of crime and ultimately rose to the top crime boss in Boston. Bulger reigned over Bostons underworld for nearly 20 years. Oddly enough he was an informant for the FBI against another cr ime family which ultimately help Bulgers enterprises. When indictments against Bulger came down his connections at the FBI tipped him off to the impending arrest allowing Bulger to go on the run from 1996 until he was ultimately arrested in California 2011. Bulger was convicted of most of the charges levied against him, and he is currently incarcerated at Coleman Federal Penitentiary in Sumter County. Bulger was disciplined for sexual activity while in prison in 2016. Theories of Criminal Behavior I believe that the first of three theories that could describe White Bulgers criminal lifestyle would be Albert Cohens Theory on Delinquent Boys. Cohens research and resulting theory were a reaction to the limitations and oversimplifications he saw in Robert Mertons strain theory, according to the University of Portsmouth. Cohen agreed that criminal behavior was in part the result of the strain of being unable to accomplish ones goals, but he disagreed with Mertons hypothesis that crime was individual, gain-based and could occur at any socioeconomic status. In 1955, his book Delinquent Boys, Cohen investigated trends of criminal behavior in lower-class urban areas of the United States, then built on emerging findings about the delinquent subculture. Florida State Universitys College of Criminology and Criminal Justice states that Cohens investigation of gangs revealed that the groups were mostly lower-class males who seemed to be retaliating against a world that had given them empty promises regarding the American Dream. Cohens theory on the delinquent subculture also predicts that the existence of the subculture would likely draw in lower-status persons exposed to it, therefore creating more delinquency among anyone who might believe that their only opportunities for progress existed in the ranks of gangs. (www.reference.com) I believe Whitey Bulger also fit into the Durkheims Deviance theory, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦his discoveries were so deviant that people had a hard time accepting them. And they still do! Which is why Durkheims views of deviance have been pretty much ignored by sociologists for over 100 years. Durkheim was a firm believer in observation. So he began his study of deviance by observing as many societies as he could. He studied his own, those in neighboring European countries, and even those of the ancient past. What did he notice? They all had deviance! It didnt matter where or when he looked. In every society, there was something that got defined as deviant, and someone who did that deviant thing. (http://www.nonjudgmentday.org) I also believe that Whitey Bulger would fit into the Social Disorganization Theory. The theory of social disorganization states a persons physical and social environments are primarily responsible for the behavioral choices that a person makes. At the core of social disorganization theory, is that location matters when it comes to predicting illegal activity. Shaw and McKay noted that neighborhoods with the highest crime rates have at least three common problems, physical dilapidation, poverty, and a higher level of ethnic and culture mixing. Shaw and McKay claimed that delinquency was not caused at the individual level, but is a normal response by normal individuals to abnormal conditions. Social disorganization theory is widely used as an important predictor of youth violence and crime. (Mark Bond, Ed.D) There is little doubt that South Boston or Boston, in general, could fit this theory just as well as Chicago. Theoretical Application to Whitey Bulgers Life History Growing up in South Boston with a father that was a longshoreman and that was ultimately disabled allowed Whitey to do as he pleased and he did just that fitting the Albert Cohens Theory on Delinquent Boys. As a young man, Whitey was arrested for assault and battery, armed robbery, larceny, and assault. Those charges resulted in Whitey being sentenced to five years in a juvenile reformatory. After his release from the reformatory, Whitey joined the Air Force and subsequently went AWOL. Despite this, he was granted an honorable discharge. I included the military factor in this theory because as we know, men dont fully mature until at least 25 years old. Due to Whiteys now developed deviant behavior as a youth, I believe that he fits into Durkheims Deviance theory. As we all know there is deviance everywhere and I think that during Whitey Bulgers criminal rise he just took advantage of the deviance and rose to the top of Bostons underworld. Some say his power made him like a Robin Hood for the city, For years, James Whitey Bulger was viewed as a Robin Hood-like figure on the streets of South Boston, valued by his neighbors who saw him as a tough guy who kept drug dealers out of their neighborhood. That image was shattered when authorities began digging up bodies. (www.boston.cbslocal.com) Finally, Whitey Bulgers criminal activities fit in my opinion into the Social Disorganization Theory. Boston, like Chicago, was ripe for the picking when it comes to poor neighborhoods, high crime rates, socially disadvantaged people. Whitey dominated a city that had many poor areas that were very ethnically diverse just like Chicago. The mixture of these three theories, I feel, created Whitey Bulger. In my opinion, many of these theories are interchangeable and could fit almost any powerful crime figure. The mixture of these three theories, I feel, created Whitey Bulger. In my opinion, many of these theories are interchangeable and could fit almost any powerful crime figure. References http://www.biography.com/people/whitey-bulger328770#early-life http://www.thefamouspeople.com/profiles/whitey-bulger-5588.php#5aP3OvO2zXd6OAzH.99 https://www.reference.com/world-view/albert-cohen-s-delinquent-subculture-theory-56a567cc29ecb061 http://www.nonjudgmentday.org/judgment-card-galleryblog/-durkheims-deviant-view-of-deviance https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/criminology-social-disorganization-theory-explained-mark-bond http://boston.cbslocal.com/2011/06/23/whitey-bulger-described-as-robin-hood-diabolical-killer/

Comparison of Mr. Collins Proposal to Elizabeth with Mr. Darcys Essay

Comparison of Mr. Collins' Proposal to Elizabeth with Mr. Darcy's Jane Austen does not use the word love very often in 'Pride and Prejudice', marriage is mentioned frequently throughout the novel, but love may have been considered too strong a word. During her lifetime Jane Austen was exposed to fashionable society and she learnt to gather inspiration, and then write it down in her witty, poignant way. She lived in a time when reputation was everything and women wanted no more than to settle down with a husband, whom preferably should exceed their own income. Austen received no such husband, but did fall in love, only to be heartbroken when he died before they were even engaged. Though love is a theme in 'Pride and Prejudice' Austen didn't use the word too recklessly but was sure to use it when a relationship was worthy of such a title. The Bennet family consists of Mr and Mrs Bennet and their five daughters Jane, Lizzie, Mary, Kitty and Lydia. Unlike most families of the time all five of the daughters were out in society at the same time. Mrs Bennet wanted no more than to see at least one of her daughters married within the year and strived greatly to do so. Jane, the eldest is admired wherever she goes so Mrs Bennet is quick to do her best to try and marry her off to Mr Bingly, the very eligible bachelor (whom, by the way has five thousand a year!) Once Mrs Bennet feels that Jane would soon be engaged she is happy to oblige Mr Collins, Mr Bennet's somewhat 'silly' cousin, in his quest to find a wife. As most men do, Mr Collins first sets his sights on Jane but is by no mean discouraged when he is told of her expected engagement. Of course the next obvious choice is Lizzie, the pretty, sensible g... ...'s happiness is not mentioned for who could doubt that Lizzie would be happy? Married to a clergyman whom is associated with Lady Catherine de Bourgh? Mr Collins couldn't imagine why she would not be happy so the subject does not arise. The third reason (which he adds should maybe have been mentioned to begin with), that it is 'the particular advice and recommendation of the very noble lady whom I have the honour of calling my patroness'. Clearly Mr Collins had listened attentively to Lady Catherine de Bourgh for she specifically asked 'chuse a gentlewoman for my sake; and for your own let her be an active, useful sort of person.' Whether or not it was Lizzie whom Mr Collins was proposing to, have it be Mary or even Kitty, they would suit this criteria from Mr Collins' point of view, he is not a perceptive type and sees people how he desires them to be. Comparison of Mr. Collins' Proposal to Elizabeth with Mr. Darcy's Essay Comparison of Mr. Collins' Proposal to Elizabeth with Mr. Darcy's Jane Austen does not use the word love very often in 'Pride and Prejudice', marriage is mentioned frequently throughout the novel, but love may have been considered too strong a word. During her lifetime Jane Austen was exposed to fashionable society and she learnt to gather inspiration, and then write it down in her witty, poignant way. She lived in a time when reputation was everything and women wanted no more than to settle down with a husband, whom preferably should exceed their own income. Austen received no such husband, but did fall in love, only to be heartbroken when he died before they were even engaged. Though love is a theme in 'Pride and Prejudice' Austen didn't use the word too recklessly but was sure to use it when a relationship was worthy of such a title. The Bennet family consists of Mr and Mrs Bennet and their five daughters Jane, Lizzie, Mary, Kitty and Lydia. Unlike most families of the time all five of the daughters were out in society at the same time. Mrs Bennet wanted no more than to see at least one of her daughters married within the year and strived greatly to do so. Jane, the eldest is admired wherever she goes so Mrs Bennet is quick to do her best to try and marry her off to Mr Bingly, the very eligible bachelor (whom, by the way has five thousand a year!) Once Mrs Bennet feels that Jane would soon be engaged she is happy to oblige Mr Collins, Mr Bennet's somewhat 'silly' cousin, in his quest to find a wife. As most men do, Mr Collins first sets his sights on Jane but is by no mean discouraged when he is told of her expected engagement. Of course the next obvious choice is Lizzie, the pretty, sensible g... ...'s happiness is not mentioned for who could doubt that Lizzie would be happy? Married to a clergyman whom is associated with Lady Catherine de Bourgh? Mr Collins couldn't imagine why she would not be happy so the subject does not arise. The third reason (which he adds should maybe have been mentioned to begin with), that it is 'the particular advice and recommendation of the very noble lady whom I have the honour of calling my patroness'. Clearly Mr Collins had listened attentively to Lady Catherine de Bourgh for she specifically asked 'chuse a gentlewoman for my sake; and for your own let her be an active, useful sort of person.' Whether or not it was Lizzie whom Mr Collins was proposing to, have it be Mary or even Kitty, they would suit this criteria from Mr Collins' point of view, he is not a perceptive type and sees people how he desires them to be.